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The need for African and Afro-American Studies
When I was growing up in Mississippi, little was taught about the history and the contribution of African Americans and people from the Continent of Africa to Civilization.
For example; as we were taught the Hebrew Christian Religion, one would not know that Egypt was a country of Africa, or what country(orcountries) of Africa did these Biblical scriptures originate. There are Black Studies that are quite enlightning...The Black Jews of Africa History, Religion, Identity
My education on our history here in America was just as dismal, There were two pages in the history book devoted to the "Negro" one was that they were happy greatful Slaves and the other recognized two who had become our Leaders; Booker T. Washington who taught (according to the book...The Future Of The American Negro ) that the Negro was not "Ready" and George Washington Carver, who discovered many uses for the Peanut. As a Culture, we accepted Whites and everything they stood for as superior
I returned forty years later in 1995 to a different Mississippi, having been an active Methodist in New Jersey, we joined the local United Methodist Church which had no Black Members. We were warmly accepted by them and became one of the church leaders.
When Black history month came around I was asked why Black History was needed in this enlightened age. I explained how we had been omitted from the History Books, including history of the Methodist church. Without being being Pushy, over a period of years I greatly increased their knowledge of Black History, Culture,and injustices suffered
In 1997 we established this website "Mrs. E's Collectables" to sell Afrocentric Craft items, a request from Amazon.com to become an Associate caught my eye so I decided to add a few books on Black History and Blues Music. The Crafts were dropped and we grew to over two hundred URLs (and growing) devoted to Slavery the African Diaspora, Africa and the African American Heritage.
According to Anthropologist, Mankind and Civilizations originated out of Africa.The history of Africa begins with the first emergence of Homo sapiens in East Africa, continuing into its modern present as a patchwork of diverse and politically developing nation states. (Currently 50+ Country States).
Historians Continually seek to document the journey of a People and Culture of the African Diaspora transplanted, primarily by the Slave trade thru out the world. The viewpoint that “Africans” enslaved “Africans” is misleading in this is tends treat the "Continent of Africa" as a single Country. This allows the Reader scholar, to subtly call into question the humanity of “all” Africans.
Where did the first Trans-Atlantic slaves come from? At the beginning of the 1600s, slaves for the Trans-Atlantic slave trade were sourced in Senegambia and the Windward Coast. This region had had a long history of providing slaves for the Islamic Trans-Saharan Trade. Around 1650 The Kingdom of the Kongo, which the Portuguese had ties with, started exporting slaves. The focus of the Trans-Atlantic slave trade moved to here and neighbouring northern Angola (grouped together on the table and map as west-central Africa).
Kongo and Angola would continue to be substantial exporters of slaves until the nineteenth century. Senegambia would provide a steady trickle of slaves through the centuries, but never on the same scale as the other regions of Africa.
Increasing penetration into the Americas by the Portuguese created more demand for labour in Brazil--primarily for farming and mining. Slave-based economies quickly spread to The Caribbean:and the southern portion of what is today the United States, where Dutch traders brought the first African Slaves in 1619. These areas all developed an insatiable demand for slaves.
As European nations grew more powerful, especially Portugal , Spain, France, Great Britain , and Netherlands,, they began vying for control of the African slave trade, with little effect on the local African and Arab trading. Great Britain's existing colonies in the Lesser Antilles and their effective naval control of the Mid Atlantic forced other countries to abandon their enterprises due to inefficiency in cost. The English crown provided a charter giving the Royal African Company ...monopoly over the African slave routes until 1712.[50]
Mrs. E's Collectables is a work in progress, searching for a wide range of Academic Resources documenting the existence and depth of African/African American Culture, past, present and future. We chose Amazon.com as our Source for Black History, Literature. Blues, Spirituals, Gospel, Hip Hop, Classical and Jazz pages, we appreciate your feedback.
Africa Studies for all 54 Nations on the Continent of Africa. These links are automatically updated by Amazon.com
African American Studies curriculum:
A sample curriculum for African American Studies,
This is Mrs E's Collectibles selection of Black History and African American Literature best sellers from Amazon.com We encourage you to " Bookmark " and visit Mrs. E's Collectibles often to see what exciting and interested new books and Authors we have added
Many Historians and Scholars (i.e. Lerone Bennett, JR.) have Documented our African Heritage from West Africa before we were taken "Hostage" and brought to the Americas and Caribbean, as Slave labor, thru Reconstruction, the Jim Crow ere, the Civil Rights turmoil, to the present time..
Literature, Having its origins in the slave narratives and the folktales transmitted orally during that period, the literature of the African American has been rich and varied. Beginning with the first published work of fiction Clotel: Or, The President's Daughter: A Narrative of Slave Life in the United States (Bedford Cultural Editions) in 1853, continuing under the influence of W.E.B. Du Bois during the first part of this century, and reaching a flowering during the Harlem Renaissance, major contributions have been made to American literature. Today African American writers , such as Toni Morrison, Alex Haley, and Maya Angelou are recognized as among the most significant and popular authors in this country
Blues, Alan Lomax states that the blues tradition was considered to be a masculine discipline (although some of the first blues songs heard by whites were sung by 'lady' blues singers like Mamie Smith and Bessie Smith) and not many black women were to be found singing the blues in the juke-joints. The Southern prisons also contributed considerably to the blues tradition through work songs and the songs of death row and murder, prostitutes, the warden, the hot sun, and a hundred other privations. (Lomax) The prison road crews and work gangs where were many bluesmen found their songs, and where many other blacks simply became familiar with the same songs. The Charters Archive of Blues and Vernacular African American Music--- Samuel Charters has been documenting African American music for over 50 years, starting as a field recorder for Folkways Records in 1954.(Read More)
Spirituals, The lyrics of negro spirituals were tightly linked with the lives of their authors: slaves. While work songs dealt only with their daily life, spirituals were inspired by the message of Jesus Christ and his Good News (Gospel) of the Bible, "You can be saved". They are different from hymns and psalms, because they were a way of sharing the hard condition of being a slave.
Gospel, Tribal African music of four hundred years ago differed from European and white American music in one major regard: secular music did not exist in African traditions. Besides sacred music, Europeans sang about love, war, and drinking, as well as the recent historical events of nearby villages, or far off countries. While many of these songs mentioned God in some manner, many still remained secular and popular among the village and country folk.
Hip Hop, By the 1990s any sound source was considered fair game and rap artists borrowed sounds from such disparate sources as Israeli folk music, bebop jazz records, and television news broadcasts.
African Americans have had a profound impact on the development of music in the United States. While their role in the history of American popular and folk music is now generally acknowledged and appreciated, their influence within the "classical" music world has received little attention--even within the African American community (Read More)
Jazz, Is an original American musical art form originating around the early 1920s in New Orleans, rooted in Western music technique and theory, and is marked by the profound cultural contributions of African Americans.
Caribbean, Like other people of African descent in the Western Hemisphere, the progenitors of the overwhelming majority of African Americans were brought to North America as African slaves between the 1600s and 1807.They came from eight distinct slave-trading regions in Africa.
Historians of African and African American History have sought to discover and document contributions made to the civilizations of the world, particularly America and the former colonies, by the people of African origan.
Native American Explore the historic connection of the Africans and Native Americans.
Queer studies is the study of issues relating to sexual orientation and gender identity. There are a growing number of college courses in this area, and currently there are over 40 certificate and degree granting programs with at least five institutions in the United States offering an undergraduate major; a growing number of similar courses are offered in countries other than the USA.
A central tenet of whiteness studies is a reading of history and its effects on the present, inspired by postmodernism and historicism, in which the very concept of race is said to have been socially constructed in order to justify discrimination against non-whites.
Homeschooling African-American children
For some, the term "homeschooling" might evoke images of conservative Christian families or isolated rural areas. But according to the National Center for Education Studies, the number of African Americans being home schooled is growing.
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Alan Lomax states that the blues tradition was considered to be a masculine discipline (although some of the first blues songs heard by whites were sung by 'lady' blues singers like Mamie Smith and Bessie Smith) and not many black women were to be found singing the blues in the juke-joints. The Southern prisons also contributed considerably to the blues tradition through work songs and the songs of death row and murder, prostitutes, the warden, the hot sun, and a hundred other privations. (Lomax) The prison road crews and work gangs where were many bluesmen found their songs, and where many other blacks simply became familiar with the same songs.
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Last Revised: 15 -Aug-10
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